Showing posts with label history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label history. Show all posts

Thursday, October 2, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 2 October 2014

Broadcasting the End of Apartheid: Live Television and the Birth of the New South Africa, by MJ Evans

Release Date: October 2, 2014
Publisher: I. B. Tauris

South Africa came late to television; when it finally arrived in the late 1970s the rest of the world had already begun to shun the country because of apartheid. While the ruling National Party feared the integrative effects of television, they did not foresee how exclusion from globally unifying broadcasts would gradually erode their power. Throughout the apartheid-era South Africa was barred from participating in some of television's greatest global attractions, including sporting events such as the Olympics and contests such as Miss World. After apartheid, and with the release of Nelson Mandela from prison – itself one of the world's most memorable media events, came a proliferation of large-scale live broadcasts that attracted the admiration of the rest of the world. At the same time, the country was permitted to return to international competition. These events were pivotal in shaping and consolidating the country's emerging post-apartheid national identity. Broadcasting the End of Apartheid assesses the socio-political effect of live broadcasting on South Africa's transition to democracy. MJ Evans argues that just as print media had a powerful influence on the development of Afrikaner nationalism, so the 'liveness' of television helped to consolidate the 'newness' of the post-apartheid South African national identity.

MJ Evans teaches journalism and media studies courses at the University of Cape Town. She has written for the Mail & Guardian and the Argus and won a 2008 travel writing award from the Sunday Independent.



Thursday, July 31, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 31 July 2014

South Africa (Inventing the Nation), by Alexander Johnston

Release Date: July 31, 2014
Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic [Kindle Edition]

At the heart of South Africa’s ‘miracle’ transition from intractable ethno-racial conflict to democracy was an improvised nation born out of war weariness, hope, idealism and calculated pragmatism on the part of the elites who negotiated the compromise settlement. In the absence of any of the conventional bonds of national consciousness, the improvised nation was fixed on the civic identity and national citizenship envisaged in the new constitution.

In the twentieth anniversary year of the country’s democracy, South Africa reviews the progress of nation-building in post-apartheid South Africa, assesses how well the improvised nation has been embedded in a shared life for South Africans and offers a prognosis for its future. It draws up a socio-economic profile of the population which is the raw material of nation-building. It measures the contributions of the polity and the constitution, religion and values, as well as sport and the media, to building a sense of national citizenship. The book explains the abrupt discontinuity between the contributions of Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki to nation-building and goes on to note the changing focus from reconciliation between black and white to include a concern for social cohesion in a society beset by violent crime, corruption and citizen deviance and dissidence.

South Africa reconsiders the short, intense life cycle of Afrikaner nationalism and portrays the ambiguous relationships between African nationalism, non-racialism, civic nationalism and ‘African tradition’ in the ideology and practice of the African National Congress. In doing so, it provides a comprehensive analysis of a crucial aspect of South Africa’s first twenty years of democracy, as well as exploring intriguing questions for the student of nationalism.

The paperback edition of this book becomes available on September 25, 2014, released simultaneously with the hardcover edition.

Alexander Johnston has contributed chapters to Violence in Southern Africa (edited by William Gutteridge and J.E. Spence, 1997), Comparative Perspectives on South Africa (edited by Ran Greenstein, 1998), and Ethnic Conflict, Tribal Politics: a Global Perspective (edited by Kenneth Christie, 1998). From 1994 to 2002, Johnston was professor of political science at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, where he is now a research associate.




Wednesday, July 9, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 9 July 2014

African Brew: Exploring the Craft of South African Beer, by Lucy Corne and Ryno Reyneke

Release Date: July 8, 2014
Publisher: Random House Struik

Join a pint-studded journey through seven provinces to meet the brewers, taste their beers and learn exactly what goes into that beverage you wouldn't dream of braaiing (South Africa's barbecuing tradition) without. There is also a section that covers up-and-coming breweries.

Delve deeper into food and beer pairing with delectable recipes from top South African chefs, each dish paired with a local lager or ale. And for those who don't know the difference between the two, African Brew hopes to turn the beer novice into a connoisseur with tasting notes and troubleshooting tips showing you what to look for in your preferred pint.

- Features 38 of South Africa's microbreweries plus the cradle of beer brewing in South Africa, SAB

- Includes recipes and beer pairings

- Insights on home-brewing, beer recipes and step-by-step brewing guides

- Contains sections on South Africa's craft cider movement as well as mead-making

- Covers the history of brewing in South Africa

- Includes a look at sorghum beer brewing both in a traditional setting and large-scale production

Ryno Reyneke provided photographs for Portrait of Singapore (2004, written by Sean Sheehan) and for Franschoek Food (2013, written by Myrna Robins). Cape Town-based travel writer Lucy Corne has contributed articles to Reader's Digest Asia, Getaway Magazine, and Beer & Brewer Magazine.


Monday, June 30, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 30 June 2014

A History of South Africa: From the Distant Past to the Present Day, edited by Fransjohan Pretorius

Release Date: June 30, 2014
Publisher: Protea Boekhuis
[This book's] broad scope includes South Africa's pre-colonial history, slavery, Afrikaner nationalism, an environmental history and an analysis of a post-apartheid South Africa.

Some relevant questions are asked in this book. For example, Who were the first people in South Africa? And who came after them? How did their interaction help to form this country? Where do we stand as a nation today? Chapters include the Anglo-Boer War, the establishment of apartheid, a different view on apartheid and the democratic puberty. Two chapters are about the struggle against the Afrikaner and focus on the black resistance movement.

The [editor] said in a recent interview: "We did not try and justify apartheid, but one has to know what it was all about". Prof Hermann Giliomee also poses the question in his chapter: "Was apartheid all bad?"

This extensive history of South Africa was written by some of the country’s most prominent historians and is meant to put the complex history of South Africa into perspective.

The [editor] emphasizes that the book is an effort to understand people's behavior in the history of South Africa.
Fransjohan Pretorius, professor of history at the University of Pretoria, is author of The A to Z of the Anglo-Boer War (2010), Historical Dictionary of the Anglo-Boer War (2009), and Life On Commando During The Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902 (1999), among other books.  This edited volume includes chapters contributed by David Scher, Jan Visagie, Hermann Giliomee, and Jan-Jan Joubert.




Friday, June 20, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 20 June 2014

In the Name of the People: Angola's Forgotten Massacre, by Lara Pawson

Release Date: June 25, 2014
Publisher: I.B. Tauris

On 27th May 1977, a small demonstration against the MPLA, the ruling party of Angola – led to the slaughter of thousands, if not tens of thousands, of people. The protestors were supporters of the MPLA, however the ruling elite feared this new 'factionalism' might lead to a coup d'état. The events of May 1977 are little talked of in Angola today – and virtually unknown outside the country.

In this book, journalist Lara Pawson tracks down the story of what really happened on that fateful day. In a series of vivid encounters, she talks to eyewitnesses, victims and even perpetrators of the violent and confusing events of the 27th May and the following weeks and months. From London to Lisbon to Luanda, she meets those who continue to live in the shadow of the appalling events of 40 years ago and who – in most cases – have been too afraid to speak about them before. Pawson investigates not only the unwritten story of the 27th May - one of the biggest taboos in Angolan contemporary history – but she also challenges long-held assumptions about political opposition in Angola, as well as the MPLA, Cuba and the former President Agostinho Neto.

Despite Angola's enormous oil wealth, poverty and racial division remain live problems for most of its people. This book contributes to a deeper understanding of modern Angola – its people and its politics; past, present and future.
Journalist Lara Pawson writes for The Guardian and has been a Writing Fellow at the Wits Institute of Social & Economic Research, at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. She is also on Twitter.

Thursday, May 29, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 29 May 2014

Ireland, Africa and the End of Empire: Small State Identity in the Cold War 1955-75 by Kevin O'Sullivan

Release Date: May 29, 2014
Publisher: Manchester University Press

In the twenty years after Ireland joined the UN in 1955, one subject dominated its fortunes: Africa. The first detailed study of Ireland's relationship with that continent, this book, now available in paperback, documents its special place in Irish history.

Adopting a highly original, and strongly comparative approach, it shows how small and middling powers like Ireland, Canada, the Netherlands and the Nordic states used Africa to shape their position in the international system, and how their influence waned with the rise of the Afro-Asian bloc. O'Sullivan chronicles Africa's impact on Irish foreign policy; the link between African decolonisation and Irish post-colonial identity; and the missionaries, aid workers, diplomats, peacekeepers, and anti-apartheid protesters at the heart of Irish popular understanding of the developing world.

Offering a fascinating account of small state diplomacy, and a unique perspective on African decolonisation, this book provides essential insight for scholars of Irish history, African history, international relations, and the history of NGOs, as well as anyone interested in Africa's important place in the Irish public imagination.

Kevin O'Sullivan is a lecturer in history at the National University of Ireland-Galway. He has contributed chapters to International Organizations and Development, 1945-1990 (forthcoming, 2014; edited by Marc Frey, Sonke Kunkel, and Corinna R Unger), Saints and Sinners: Official Development Aid and Its Dynamics in a Historical and Comparative Perspective (edited by Thorsten Borring Olesen, Helge O. Pharo, and Kristian Paaskesen), and Obligations and Responsibilities: Ireland and the United Nations, 1955-2005: Essays Marking Fifty Years of Ireland's United Nations Membership.

Sunday, April 27, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 27 April 2014

The Rise and Fall of Philanthropy in East Africa: The Asian Contribution by Robert G. Gregory

Release Date: April 30, 2014
Publisher: Transaction Publishers

Robert G. Gregory challenges the apparent assumption that non-Western peoples lack a significant indigenous philanthropic culture. Focusing on the large South Asian community in East Africa, he relates how, over a century, they built a philanthropic culture of great magnitude, and how it finally collapsed under the ascendency of increasing state regulation and policies directed against non-African communities.

Compelled by poverty to seek better oppurtunities overseas, most Asians arrived in East Africa as peasant farmers. Denied access to productive land and sensing economic opportunity, they turned to business. Despite severe forms of racial discrimination in the colonial society, they suffered few restrictions on their business enterprises and some became very wealthy. Gregory’s historical analysis shows philanthropy as an important contribution, one that stemmed from deep roots in Hindu, Muslim, and Buddhist culture. The sense of nonracial social responsibility cultivated social, medical, and educational facilities designed for all.

This age of philanthropy terminated with the Asian exodus. The socialist and racial policies adopted by East African governments over the past few decades have virtually destroyed the foundation necessary for philanthropy as well as the distinct Asian cultural identity. Gregory’s account of the East Asian’s role in philanthropy deserves great attention and sober reflection.
Robert G. Gregory, professor of history emeritus at Syracuse University, has also written India and East Africa: History of Race Relations within the British Empire, 1890-1939 (1972), South Asians in East Africa: An Economic and Social History, 1890-1980 (1993), and A guide to daily correspondence of the Coast, Rift Valley, Central, and Northeastern Provinces: Kenya National Archives microfilm (1984).






Today's African Holidays - 27 April 2014

Today three African countries celebrate national holidays. It is Independence Day in Sierra Leone and Togo. It is Freedom Day in South Africa.

As the BBC reported on April 27, 1961:
Sierra Leone has become the latest West African state to win independence, after more than 150 years of British colonial rule.

The new nation was born at the stroke of midnight, when its green, white and blue flag was unfurled. A huge crowd, gathered at Brookfields Playground in Freetown to watch the historic moment, broke into tumultuous cheering.

Independence Day formally began as the Duke of Kent handed over royal instruments recognising Sierra Leone as an independent nation.
In a press statement dated April 25, 2014, U.S. Secretary of State John F. Kerry said, in part:
We are all profoundly aware that Sierra Leone is becoming one of Africa’s greatest success stories. When I was Senator from Massachusetts, the suffering of Sierra Leone was not just an issue on the Foreign Relations Committee; it became personal because my state became a haven to so many Sierra Leoneans fleeing violence and grievous wounds. I came to know children who had lost parents and parents who had carried on after losing their children. They dreamed of a day when their home would be peaceful again.

Today, that is much more than a dream. Sierra Leone is a model post-conflict country. Although so many lost so much during the civil war, we have proudly witnessed how Sierra Leoneans summoned the will to pick themselves up and rebuild their country.
Togo was one of 17 African countries that gained independence in 1960. Most of those countries had been French colonies, and Togo was one of those.

Secretary also sent wishes to Togo on April 25, saying:
On behalf of President Obama and the American people, I congratulate the people of Togo as you celebrate your independence on April 27.

Our two countries enjoy a strong partnership. The United States appreciates Togo’s efforts to promote regional peace, expand economic opportunity, and fight transnational crime.

We look forward to continuing to work together in the years to come

Freedom Day in South Africa commemorates the first fully democratic elections held in the country in 1994, after the end of apartheid. It was that year that Nelson Mandela was elected president.

Secretary Kerry's message of congratulations (dated April 25) makes special mention of Mandela's legacy:
On behalf of President Obama and the people of the United States, I extend warmest wishes to the people of the Republic of South Africa on your Freedom Day on April 27.

This year’s celebration is especially poignant: it marks the 20th anniversary of your nation’s first democratic elections and follows the recent passing of the Rainbow Nation’s beloved son, Nelson Mandela.

Madiba was a stranger to hate. He rejected recrimination in favor of reconciliation. On this 20th anniversary, we reflect on South Africa’s transformation in these two decades as a testament to the power of reconciliation, forgiveness, and hope.

This year also marks an important milestone for the United States as we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act, which expanded voting rights to racial minorities. Our own commemoration is yet another reminder of the work ahead in our shared struggle for democracy and human rights.

As you prepare to hold general elections next month – your fifth in the post-apartheid era – we remember the spirit of that historic election in 1994, one filled with tremendous hope, goodwill, and promise for a better future.

For further reference, David Harris's Sierra Leone: A Political History is scheduled to be published May 1. Samuel Decalo has compiled a Historical Dictionary of Togo (1996), which may be due for an update. Books about South Africa are numerous; one recent publication is The South Africa Reader: History, Culture, Politics edited by Clifton Crais and Thomas V. McClendon (2013).





Wednesday, April 9, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 9 April 2014

A History of Zimbabwe by Alois S. Mlambo

Release Date: April 7, 2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

There is currently no single-volume history of Zimbabwe that provides detailed coverage of the country's experience from precolonial times to the present. This book examines Zimbabwe's precolonial, colonial and post-colonial social, economic and political history and relates historical factors and trends to more recent developments in the country.

Zimbabwe is a country with a rich history, dating from the early San hunter-gatherer societies. The arrival of British imperial rule in 1890 impacted the country tremendously, as the European rulers developed and exploited Zimbabwe's resources, which gave rise to a movement of African nationalism and demands for independence. This process culminated in the armed conflict of the 1960s and 1970s, a war of liberation that ended with Zimbabwe's independence in 1980.

The 1990s were marked by economic decline and the rise of opposition politics. In 1999, Mugabe and his party embarked on a violent and chaotic land reform program that disrupted the country's prosperous agricultural sector and plunged the nation's economy into a downward spiral.

Political violence and human rights violations made Zimbabwe an international pariah state, with struggles continuing to this day. This book is targeted primarily at students of Zimbabwean history, but will be useful to both scholars of Zimbabwean history and those unfamiliar with the country's past.

Alois S. Mlambo has been professor of history at the University of Pretoria since 2004. He is co-editor (with Brian Raftopoulos) of Becoming Zimbabwe. A History from the Pre-colonial Period to 2008 (Weaver Press, 2009) and co-author (with E.S. Pangeti) of The Political Economy of the Zimbabwean Sugar Industry, 1920-1990 (UZ Publications, 1996).





Sunday, April 6, 2014

New Africa Book of the Day - 6 April 2014

State and Land in Ethiopian History by Richard Pankhurst

Release date: April 7, 2014
Publisher: Tsehai Publishers (Second Edition)
State and Land in Ethiopian History focuses on the relationship between the State and land tenure problems to the exclusion of many other significant aspects of customary land tenure in Ethiopia. The student of Ethiopian affairs cannot fail to be impressed by the major role played by the monarchy in the system of land holdings over the long span of the country s recorded history. It is important to remember, however, that the powers of the Emperors were not static but fluctuated greatly in the last half millennium or so for which we possess relatively good historical records, which had a significant effect on land tenure. This book traces the changing fortunes of the monarchy as well as examines the theoretical basis of its authority as formulated in contemporary writings. It also examines the manner in which the State affected the system of land tenure from Aksumite times to the eve of the Italian invasion of 1935. A chronological approach has been attempted wherever possible to explain the significant changes as well as the continuity which has characterized the history of Ethiopian land tenure.

This book also covers a number of distinct, though related matters: the allocation of land by the sovereigns to the nobility; provincial governors and other officers of State; land grants to churches and monasteries; the operation of royal farms; the establishment of State capitals and their effect on systems of land tenure; land ownership by foreigners and minority groups; taxation, tribute, labor service and other obligations based on or related to the holding of land, as well as landlord tenant relations generally. Consideration is also paid to land problems related to the developments of the Menilek-Haile Sellassie period, including of roads and the railways, and in the case of Eritrea, the impact of foreign rule, as well as to the legislation of the period which witnessed the foundations of a modern State.
Author Richard Pankhurst is founding director of the Institute of Ethiopian Studies in Addis Ababa. He has been editor of the Journal of Ethiopian Studies and the Ethiopia Observer.